Download NCERT Class 10 Science Book
Science in Class 10 is a bit different from the subjects you’ve studied before — it’s actually three subjects squeezed into one book: Physics, Chemistry, and Biology. That’s exactly why a lot of students find it overwhelming at first, jumping from balancing a chemical equation in one chapter to understanding how the human eye works in the next. But once you get used to the rhythm of the book, it becomes one of the most logical, scoring subjects in the entire Class 10 syllabus.
The NCERT Class 10 Science book has 13 chapters in total. Below, you’ll find each chapter listed individually with its own PDF download link, so you can grab exactly what you need — whether that’s revising “Electricity” the night before a test, or going through “Life Processes” while your teacher is still covering it in class.
Download NCERT Class 10 Science Book – Chapter Wise:
- Prelims
- Chapter 1: Chemical Reactions and Equations
- Chapter 2: Acids, Bases and Salts
- Chapter 3: Metals and Non-metals
- Chapter 4: Carbon and its Compounds
- Chapter 5: Life Processes
- Chapter 6: Control and Coordination
- Chapter 7: Reproduction
- Chapter 8: Heredity and Evolution
- Chapter 9: Light – Reflection and Refraction
- Chapter 10: The Human Eye and the Colourful World
- Chapter 11: Electricity
- Chapter 12: Magnetic Effects of Electric Current
- Chapter 13: Our Environment
NCERT Class 10 Science – Chapter Wise Details
Chapter 1: Chemical Reactions and Equations
This chapter introduces you to how to write and balance chemical equations, and the different types of chemical reactions — combination, decomposition, displacement, and double displacement. It also covers oxidation and reduction reactions, with everyday examples like rusting and rancidity. This chapter forms the base for almost every Chemistry chapter that follows.
Chapter 2: Acids, Bases and Salts
Here you’ll learn how acids and bases behave, how to identify them using indicators, and the concept of the pH scale and its importance in daily life — from digestion to soil health. The chapter also covers common salts like baking soda, washing soda, and Plaster of Paris, along with their everyday uses.
Chapter 3: Metals and Non-metals
This chapter explains the physical and chemical properties that separate metals from non-metals, the reactivity series, and how ionic compounds are formed. It also touches on basic metallurgical processes and corrosion — why iron rusts but gold doesn’t.
Chapter 4: Carbon and its Compounds
One of the most important chapters for both boards and competitive exams. It covers covalent bonding, the versatile nature of carbon, hydrocarbons, and the nomenclature of organic compounds. Ethanol and ethanoic acid are studied in detail, along with soaps and detergents.
Chapter 5: Life Processes
This chapter explains how living organisms carry out essential functions — nutrition, respiration, transportation, and excretion — in both plants and animals. It’s a fairly long chapter, but each life process is explained step by step with diagrams.
Chapter 6: Control and Coordination
Covers how the nervous system and hormones work together to control activities in both animals and plants. You’ll learn about reflex actions, the structure of a neuron, and how plant hormones help in growth and movement.
Chapter 7: Reproduction
This chapter explains how living organisms reproduce — both asexually and sexually — and includes important topics like reproductive health, family planning methods, and reproductive system basics. It’s a sensitive but important chapter that’s often asked in boards.
Chapter 8: Heredity and Evolution
Explains how traits pass from parents to offspring through Mendel’s laws of inheritance, how sex is determined in humans, and the basic idea of evolution. This chapter is largely theory-based and works well with diagrams and examples for revision.
Chapter 9: Light – Reflection and Refraction
A core Physics chapter covering reflection by curved mirrors, refraction through lenses, and the formulas used to calculate image distance, focal length, and magnification. This chapter needs regular numerical practice along with concept clarity.
Chapter 10: The Human Eye and the Colourful World
Builds directly on the previous chapter, explaining how the human eye works, common eye defects and their correction, and natural phenomena like the dispersion of light, the colour of the sky, and rainbow formation.
Chapter 11: Electricity
One of the highest-weightage chapters in the entire syllabus. Covers electric current, potential difference, Ohm’s Law, resistance and resistivity, and how to calculate electrical power and energy consumption. Numerical practice is essential here.
Chapter 12: Magnetic Effects of Electric Current
Explains magnetic fields, field lines, and the effect of current-carrying conductors and coils. Also covers Fleming’s Left Hand Rule, and the difference between direct current (DC) and alternating current (AC), including how they’re used domestically.
Chapter 13: Our Environment
The final chapter looks at ecosystems, food chains, the ozone layer, and how human activities affect the environment. It’s a relatively easy, scoring chapter if you focus on diagrams like the food chain and energy flow pyramid.
Unit-Wise Weightage (Why Some Chapters Matter More)
CBSE divides Class 10 Science into 5 broad units, and they don’t carry equal marks. Knowing this helps you prioritize your revision instead of treating every chapter the same:
- Chemical Substances – Nature and Behaviour (Chapters 1–4) – highest weightage, around 31% of the paper
- World of Living (Chapters 5–8) – also around 31%, the largest share along with Chemistry
- Effects of Current (Chapters 11–12) – around 16–17%
- Natural Phenomena (Chapters 9–10) – around 15%
- Natural Resources (Chapter 13) – the smallest share, around 6%
In simple terms: Chemistry and Biology chapters together make up more than 60% of your theory paper. If you’re short on time before an exam, start there.
Why Download Chapter-Wise Instead of the Full Book?
Science is one of those subjects where chapters don’t really relate to each other — Chemistry, Physics, and Biology are completely separate topics, just bound together in one textbook. There’s no real reason to carry all 13 chapters when you only need one:
- Faster access when you’re stuck on homework – If you’re confused about a Carbon and its Compounds question, you don’t want to scroll past 80 pages of Biology to find it.
- Easier subject-wise revision – Many students prefer revising all Chemistry chapters together, then Biology, then Physics. Chapter-wise PDFs make that kind of grouped revision simple.
- Smaller file size, faster download – Especially useful on mobile data between classes or during a short break.
- Focused exam prep – If your school’s periodic test only covers 2–3 chapters, you don’t need the rest sitting on your device.
Frequently Asked Questions
How many chapters are there in the NCERT Class 10 Science book?
There are 13 chapters in total, covering Chemistry, Physics, and Biology.
Which chapters carry the highest weightage in the board exam?
Chemistry chapters (1–4) and Biology chapters (5–8) together account for more than 60% of the theory paper, making them the highest-priority chapters for revision.
Is the NCERT Class 10 Science book enough for board exam preparation?
Yes. CBSE frames board exam questions directly from NCERT textbook content, including its examples and exercises, so thorough study of the book is usually sufficient.
Are these PDF downloads free?
Yes, NCERT books are published by the Government of India and are free to download and use.
Where can I find solutions for these Science chapters?
You can visit our [NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science] page for step-by-step answers to every question in each chapter.